What are Greenhouse Gases?
Greenhouse gases (GHGs) are gases in Earth’s atmosphere that trap heat, contributing to the greenhouse effect and global warming. Common GHGs include carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), nitrous oxide (N₂O), and fluorinated gases.
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Greenhouse gases absorb and emit infrared radiation, keeping Earth’s surface warmer than it would be otherwise. While some GHGs occur naturally and are essential for life, human activities such as burning fossil fuels, industrial processes, and agriculture have increased their concentrations, intensifying global warming. Monitoring and reducing GHG emissions is a key part of climate change mitigation. Related terms include carbon footprint, emissions, and climate gases, which are often used in sustainability reporting and environmental policies.